A Janus-Headed Model of Ethical Theory: Looking Two Ways at Business/Society Issues

A Janus-Headed Model of Ethical Theory: Looking Two Ways at Business/Society Issues.

F. Neil Brady

Academy of Management Review. Volume 10, Number 3

https://doi.org/10.2307/258137

Source: WeLib

The article introduces the Janus-headed model as a practical way to make ethical decisions in business. It encourages managers and students to recognize moral complexity, avoid one-sided reasoning, and balance both consequences and moral principles.

The model uses the image of Janus, the two-faced Roman god, to show two ways of looking at ethics. One side is teleological reasoning, which judges actions by their outcomes, like social costs and benefits. The other side is deontological reasoning, which judges actions by duties, rights, and moral rules, no matter the results.

Brady argues that ethical analysis should move back and forth between these two perspectives. Focusing only on consequences highlights efficiency and welfare, while focusing only on duties highlights fairness and rights. By combining both, we see trade-offs more clearly and understand why people disagree on ethical issues.

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